Abstract: Based on Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technologies of ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) sequence, the composition and diversity of soil fungi community of old tree and famous wood species of 3 growth vigor about normal, frail and endangered in Dongguan were analyzed. A total of 11293 OTUs were obtained. The soil of 3 growing types of old tree and famous wood species contained a large number of unknown fungi. Among the known fungal species, Sordariomycetes, Agaricomycetes and Eurotiomycetes are dominant class. The distribution of the latter in the soil of 3 growing types of old tree and famous wood species were significantly different. The results of α diversity analysis showed that the index of abundance of fungi community (Ace index) of well-established ancient and famous trees (normal growth group) was significantly lower than that of unhealthy old trees (declining group and endangered group). The β diversity analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the composition of soil fungal communities in old tree and famous wood species with different growth potentials (R=−0.081, P=0.889). The growth, health status and growth environment of ancient trees have certain influence on the composition and diversity of soil fungal communities.