Abstract: To understand the temporal and spatial dynamics of butterfly diversity in Maandi areas of Jinping County, the butterfly diversity was studied in 2017–2018, by using the transect lines method. The results showed that 5199 butterflies belonging to 147 species, 75 genera and 10 families were observed in Jinping sample area, of which there were 32 species in Nymphalidae and Satyridae, each accounting for 21.77% of the total species, followed by 17 species in Papilionidae, Pieridae and Lycaenidae, each accounting for 11.56% of the total species, and the least species were Acraeidae and Amathusiidae, only 1 species, each accounting for 0.68% of the total species; the largest number of individuals was the family Pieridae, 1771, accounting for 34.06% of the total number of individuals, followed by the family Nymphalidae, 1182, accounting for 22.74% of the total number of individuals. The species and community observed in 2017 and 2018 were different, reflecting the dynamics of butterfly community structure. The diversity and richness index of Nymphalidae were the largest, 0.8497 and 29.256 respectively; the evenness and dominance index of the family Pieridae were the highest, 0.2818 and 0.3214, respectively; the G−F index of Riodinidae was the largest, 0.8301. The diversity and evenness index showed differences in time and space. The results showed that there were differences in spatial and temporal distribution of diversity, which might be related to climate, microclimate and host plant phenology.