Abstract: The paper takes Saihanba forest farm as the research area, the sub-compartment as the research unit. The character of different forest types litter was investigated. And the fire risks of different forests were analyzed based on litter thickness and biological characteristics of different tree species. The results showed that the thickness of litter in Saihanba forestry center were generally thick, with an average of 4.3 cm. Among them, the thickness of Larix principis-rupprechtii forests were 4.9 cm, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forests were 2.1 cm, Betula platyphylla forests was 4.3 cm, and other forests were 3.2 cm. All forests already have the fuel loads for large fires. Tree species, forest age and canopy density are the main factors affecting the thickness of litter. From the perspective of the thickness and characteristics of litter, L. principis-rupprechtii forests have the potential highest surface fire intensity. The most easily ignited forests are the young forests of P. sylvestris var. mongolica. Crown fires are most likely to ignite in forests of L. principis-rupprechtii and P. sylvestris var. mongolica. The most vulnerable forests are young forests of L. principis-rupprechtii and P. sylvestris var. mongolica.