Abstract: In this study, 11 undisturbed soil columns were collected from 3 types of soil samples, and the relationship between soil macropore characteristic parameters and soil water content was quantitatively analyzed by using structural equation model(SEM). The results show that the cumulative curvature of macropores in different soil types can inhibit the increase of soil water content, the vertical continuity of macropores in cinnamon soil area is strong, and the horizontal development and fragmentation degree of macropores in karst artificial restoration forest areas are higher. The total macropores volume of forest areas are larger. The average diameter of soil macropores in forest community was 1.33 and 1.87 times of shrub and herb, respectively. And the curvature of shrub was higher than that of forest areas. The curvature of macropores can increase the surface area of macropores. This study can provide basic support for the subsequent quantitative analysis of the three-dimensional characteristics of macropores and their contribution to water transport, and provide reference for the effective restoration and management of plantations in different areas, the movement and retention of soil nutrients in forest land, and the mechanism of soil water transport.