抚育间伐对红松人工林林木形质的影响

The Effect of Thinning on Form Quality of Pinus koraiensis Plantations

  • 摘要: 以东北地区林口林业局红松人工林为研究对象,将红松人工林的林木生长、树干情况、分枝情况3类评价因素,包括树高平均生长量、胸径年均生长量、冠径比、高径比、尖削度、分杈率、疏松节比例、自然整枝能力、侧枝数(>1.5 cm)、枝粗指数、侧枝平均基径11项指标作为红松林木形质评价指标,采用层次分析法作为主要分析方法,探究不同抚育强度(重度间伐:株数强度65%,蓄积强度43%;中度间伐:株数强度50%,蓄积强度28%;轻度间伐:株数强度40%,蓄积强度18%;对照)对红松林木形质的影响。结果表明:中度间伐的林木形质综合得分最高为73.427,表现为林木形质最好,形质评价等级为Ⅱ级。重度间伐林木形质的综合得分为68.114,形质评价等级为Ⅲ级,轻度间伐林木形质得分为59.150,形质评价等级为Ⅳ级;对照组林木形质综合得分为43.432,形质评价等级为Ⅴ级。树干情况对红松林木形质的影响最大,由形质指标判断矩阵可得出约占65.5%。通过对郁闭情况下的红松林进行适当的抚育间伐能够有效改善保留木的生境进而提高红松林木形质水平,对红松人工林生产经营有重要的指导意义。

     

    Abstract: Taking Pinus koraiensis plantation of Linkou Forestry Bureau in Northeast China as the research object, 3 evaluation factors for growth situation, stem shape and branching conditions, including 11 indicators of height mean increment, DBH mean annual increment, crown diameter ratio, ratio of height to diameter, tree tapering, bifurcation ratio, loose knot ratio, natural ability of self-thinning, lateral branch number(> 1.5 cm), index of branch diameter, average base diameter of branches were used as the evaluation indicators for P. koraiensis form quality. Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) was used as the main analysis method to explore the influence of different thinning intensities(heavy thinning: plant amount intensity 65%, the accumulation intensity 43%; medium thinning: plant amount intensity 50%, the accumulation intensity 28%; light thinning: plant amount intensity 40%, the accumulation intensity 18%) on the trees form quality of P. koraiensis. The results indicate that the highest comprehensive form quality score of 73.427 was obtained for medium thinning, which showed the best form quality that the quality evaluation grade isⅡ, 68.114 for heavy thinning with grade Ⅲ, 59.150 for light thinning with grade Ⅳ, and 43.432 for the control group with grade Ⅴ. The stem shape had the greatest influence on the trees form quality of P. koraiensis, accounting for about 65.5% according to the judgment matrix of form quality indicators. Appropriate thinning of closed P. koraiensis plantation can effectively improve the habitat of reserved trees and improve the trees form quality, which has important guiding significance for the production and management of P. koraiensis plantation.

     

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