Abstract: GC-MS fingerprint of volatile components of Cunninghamia lanceolata leaves was established to provide a reference for rapid traceability of C. lanceolata leaves. Thirty-seven batches of C. lanceolata leaves was analyzed by simultaneous distillation-extraction method combined with GC−MS technology. A total of 140 volatile components were identified from the C. lanceolata leaves, in which β−calyptene, α-pinene, epoxycaryophyllene, β−elemene, cyclocamphene and 3−carene were the main components. The standard fingerprint of volatile components of C. lanceolata leaves consisted of 30 common chromatographic peaks. The results of principal component analysis and cluster analysis were consistent, which could effectively distinguish the volatile components of C. lanceolata leaves from different producing regions. GC−MS fingerprint combines with similarity evaluation and chemical pattern recognition can clarify the differences of the volatile components of C. lanceolata leaves in different regions, which can provide a reference for rapid traceability of C. lanceolata leaves.