Abstract: To take Mile City in the transition from central Yunnan to southeast Yunnan as an example. Combine the forest resource survey data and remote sensing data, and remote-sensing inversion methods and GIS spatial analysis are used to measure, simulate and analyze the heterogeneity of landscapes, habitats, and human disturbances. Regard compartment as a unit, the spatial pattern of biodiversity was assessed using principal component analysis and clustering methods. Results show that the spatial heterogeneity, which is characterized by the integrated landscape, water and heat, geographic environment, and human disturbance, can indirectly indicate the degree of biodiversity enrichment. The biodiversity of the study area presents an obvious spatial heterogeneity pattern. Regions with high abundance and extremely high levels are mainly concentrated in natural forest areas in the west, east, and southeast where human activities are relatively small, the community structure is counter complex, and the naturalness is relatively high. Besides, the areas are also accompanied by the scattered distribution pattern of some extremely high and high enrichment areas. The study puts forward a relative measurement method for rapid and scientific assessment of the abundance of regional biodiversity based on the relationship between spatial heterogeneity and biodiversity, which has certain reference significance for biodiversity conservation planning, ecological product evaluation and realization of value.