Abstract: Water-borne epoxy resin as a modifier agent was used to modify poplar and pine by vacuum pressure impregnation, and explored its modification effects in physics, mechanics and surface properties in this study. The results showed that the water-borne epoxy resin can be impregnated into the interior of wood, fill the pipe hole and cell gap of wood successfully, which realized cross-linking and curing in the interior of wood. After impregnation, the WPG of poplar and pine attained 49.11% and 30.52% respectively, WU decreased 49.60% and 39.43% separately, which improved the dimensional stability of fast-growing wood. The MOR, MOE and compressive strength of poplar increased by 22.10%, 70.55% and 48.71% respectively, and that of pine increased by 24.91%, 48.19% and 25.33%, which improved the mechanical properties of fast-growing wood; the surface wear resistance of impregnated wood was improved and the roughness was reduced, the contact angle increased and the gloss reduced, while the color of impregnated wood became more saturated.