Abstract: Based on the three satellite remote sensing images of Hohhot central urban area in 2011, 2016 and 2021, under the scale of 1 km × 1 km grid, this paper studies the landscape index and ecosystem service value of the central urban area of Hohhot, and puts forward suggestions on the future spatial development direction of the city according to the research results. The results show that from 2011 to 2021, 3 landscape indexes of patch number(NP), aggregation index(AI) and shannon diversity index(SHDI) in the study area showed the distribution form of 'inner and middle 2 rings + 1 outer belt' at the grid scale of 1 km × 1 km. The fragmentation degree of 'Inner ring' patches gradually decreases, showing an aggregation state, and the landscape type is single. 'Middle ring' patches are scattered and rich in landscape types. The 'Ring belt' patches are of large and small, interspersed with blocks, and the landscape types are relatively rich. From 2011 to 2021, the ecosystem service value of the study area gradually decreased, and the low ecosystem service value grid increased year by year, mainly concentrated in the old urban area in the west of the study area. At the end of the study period, the high ecosystem service value grid only existed sporadically, indicating that the occupation of ecological land in the process of urban development and construction is the direct reason for the reduction of ecosystem service value.