Abstract: We observed the process of morphological development of Nymphoides indica transverse stems by paraffin section technique, and combined with the different in physiological characteristics of different parts of leaves to study the physiological mechanism and ramet cuitivation methods of its stem development. The results showed that the stem node started from the parenchyma cells that located in the adaxial part near the outer ring of vascular bundle, which divided continuously to form the primodial cells and finally differentiated to form the leaves, roots and inflorescences. In the early stage of stem growth point formed, the chlorophyll content and soluble protein of the leaves and sugar content of nodal growth points of N. indica were at a high level; while the starch and sucrose content of the nodal growth points increased first and then decreased. Overall, the carbohydrate content and antioxidant enzyme activities of different tissues showed that stem node growing point > leaf > petiole, and there was a synergistic effect between the enzymatic activity and carbohydrate. All of the transverse stem have formed new plants in pond mud and river sand by different ramets propagation, of which pond mud + 1/2 ramet method is a better way to expand propagation. The results can provide reference for the cultivation and propagation of N. indica.