除草剂种类对日本菟丝子和小叶女贞生理代谢和抗氧化酶系统的影响

Difference Effects of Herbicides on Physiological Metabolism and Antioxidant Enzyme System Between Cuscuta japonica and Ligustrum quihoui

  • 摘要: 选用高效氟吡甲禾灵、草除灵、草铵膦和滴酸草甘膦4种除草剂对日本菟丝子严重侵染的小叶女贞绿篱进行喷施,于施药1、5、10 d,分别测定日本菟丝子茎和小叶女贞叶中可溶性糖、蔗糖、淀粉、丙酮酸含量以及硝酸还原酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性,分析除草剂种类和施药天数对日本菟丝子和小叶女贞生理代谢和抗氧化酶系统的影响差异。结果表明:除草剂种类和施药天数对2种植物的可溶性糖、蔗糖和淀粉含量均有显著影响,除草剂种类对日本菟丝子影响为淀粉>蔗糖>可溶性糖,天数影响为蔗糖>淀粉>可溶性糖,对小叶女贞影响均为可溶性糖>蔗糖>淀粉。除草剂种类和施药天数对2种植物的丙酮酸含量和硝酸还原酶活性均有显著影响,除草剂种类对菟丝子影响为硝酸还原酶>丙酮酸,而施药天数影响为丙酮酸>硝酸还原酶,对小叶女贞影响均为硝酸还原酶>丙酮酸。除草剂种类和施药天数对2种植物的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性均有显著影响,除草剂种类对菟丝子影响为过氧化氢酶活性>超氧化物歧化酶>过氧化物酶,而施药天数影响为超氧化物歧化酶>过氧化氢酶活性>过氧化物酶,对小叶女贞影响均为超氧化物歧化酶>过氧化氢酶活性>过氧化物酶。除草剂种类和施药天数对日本菟丝子生理代谢和抗氧化酶系统影响大于小叶女贞,4种除草剂对菟丝子均具防除潜力,高效氟吡甲禾灵影响最快,草铵膦影响最大,但草铵膦对小叶女贞有较重的潜在药害。

     

    Abstract: Four kinds of herbicides(high-efficiency flumepyrazim, benazolin , glufosinate and dropping acid glyphosate) were used to spray Ligustrum quihoui hedgerow seriously infected by Cuscuta japonica. After 1 d, 5 d and 10 d of application, the contents of soluble sugar(SS), sucrose(SU), starch(ST) and pyruvate(PA) and the activities of nitrate reductase(NR), superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) in stems of C. japonica and leaves of L. quihoui were determined respectively, to analyze the difference effects of herbicide types and application days on the physiological metabolism and antioxidant enzyme system between C. japonica and L. quihoui. The results show that herbicides types and application days had significant effects on the contents of SS, Su and ST in the 2 plants, as herbicides types effects on C. japonica was ST > SU> SS and days effects was SU > ST> SS, but on L. quihoui was SS > SU> ST similarly. Herbicides types and application days had significant effects on the PA contents and NR activity in the 2 plants, as herbicides effect on C. japonica was NR>PA while pesticide days was PA>NR, but the effects on L. quihoui was NR>PA only. Herbicides types and application days had significant effects on the SOD, POD and CAT activity in the 2 plants, with herbicides types effects on C. japonica was CAT>SOD> POD and application days effects was SOD>CAT>POD, but herbicides and days effects on L. quihoui was SOD>CAT>POD samely. The effects of herbicide types and application days on the physiological metabolism and antioxidant enzyme system of C. japonica were greater than those of L. quihoui. The 4 herbicides had control potential on C. japonica, such as high-performance flupirone was the fastest and glufosinate was the largest effect on C. japonica, but glufosinate had serious potential drug damage to L. quihoui.

     

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