Abstract: Orthotomicus erosus(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is widely distributed in Eurasia and China. It is a pest that damages pine trees. But the studies on the molecular identification and population genetic structure of this pest are still lacking. In view of this, the genomic sequences of this pest were sequenced with high-throughput sequencing technology, which leads to assemble its complete mitochondrial genome using GetOrganelle software. The results confirm that its mitogenome is 17 451 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA and 2 rRNA genes. Nucleotide compositions of its whole mitogenome are 37.4% for A, 33.45% for T, 18.4% for C, and 10.75% for G. Phylogenetic tree analysis using the sequences of the mitochondrial genomes of O. erosus and other Curculionidae species showed that O. erosus is closely related to O. laricis. These 2 species are grouped on the same branch, which is in accordance with the traditional morphological classification. The results of this study lay a foundation for screening molecular markers of mitochondrion for molecular identification and genetic structure research in O. erosus.