Abstract: In this study, macadamia nut shell(MNS) was used as raw material, and the powder activated carbon(MNSAC) was prepared by zinc chloride activation method as the antibacterial material carrier, and the metal zinc ions were loaded on the surface and micropores of the activated carbon by impregnation method, and the activated carbon zinc-loaded composite antibacterial material(MNSAC−Zn) was obtained. The materials were characterized by iodine adsorption value, nitrogen desorption, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), inductively coupled plasma-emission spectroscopy(ICP−OES) and antibacterial test. The results show that the prepared activated carbon material has porous structure, the specific surface area is 644.118 m²/g, and the average pore size is 2.289 nm. The iodine adsorption value was 1018 mg/g. The best zinc source was zinc sulfate. When zinc sulfate was used as zinc source, the contact time of carbon and zinc was 7 h, the impregnation ratio of carbon and zinc was 1∶25, and the concentration of zinc solution was 1.0 mol/L, the prepared activated carbon loaded zinc composite antibacterial material had better bactericidal performance, the antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was 99.9%. At the same time, the antibacterial fabric impregnated with activated carbon zinc-loaded composite antibacterial material and fabric also has good antibacterial effect, indicating a potential application trend. This study provides a reference for broadening the application range of waste biomass resources.