白玉洁, 黄佳怡, 李晶, 等. 不同混交模式对杉木精油化学成分的影响[J]. 西南林业大学学报（自然科学）, 2024, 44(2): 180–188 . DOI: 10.11929/j.swfu.202212036
引用本文: 白玉洁, 黄佳怡, 李晶, 等. 不同混交模式对杉木精油化学成分的影响[J]. 西南林业大学学报（自然科学）, 2024, 44(2): 180–188 . DOI: 10.11929/j.swfu.202212036
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Bai Yujie, Huang Jiayi, Li Jing, Ji Li, Zhang Ying, Luo Jiaqi, He Gongxiu. Effects of Different Mixing Planting Mode on Essential Oils of Cunninghamia lanceolata[J]. Journal of Southwest Forestry University, 2024, 44(2): 180-188. DOI: 10.11929/j.swfu.202212036
Citation: Bai Yujie, Huang Jiayi, Li Jing, Ji Li, Zhang Ying, Luo Jiaqi, He Gongxiu. Effects of Different Mixing Planting Mode on Essential Oils of Cunninghamia lanceolata[J]. Journal of Southwest Forestry University, 2024, 44(2): 180-188. DOI: 10.11929/j.swfu.202212036
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不同混交模式对杉木精油化学成分的影响

Effects of Different Mixing Planting Mode on Essential Oils of Cunninghamia lanceolata

    摘要
  • 摘要: 以湖南省永州市金洞林场15年林龄杉木−毛竹混交林、杉木−闽楠混交林和杉木纯林为研究对象，采用气相色谱–质谱联用（GC−MS)测定杉木不同器官（叶、枝、干、根）精油成分，用硫酸−高氯酸消化法检测杉木各器官矿质元素含量，分析不同混交栽植模式对杉木不同器官中精油成分和含量的影响，并将精油中主要挥发物成分与矿质元素进行相关性分析，探讨不同栽植模式下精油成分与矿质元素的关系。结果表明：杉木各器官共检测出50种物质，主要包括萜烯类32种、醇类12种、萘类2种、萜烯酯类3种、其他类1种。相比于杉木纯林，杉木−毛竹、杉木−闽楠模式中杉木干精油分别增加了156%、76%，根精油分别增加了77%、99%，杉木−毛竹模式效果更佳；精油主成分的相对质量与Al、Ca、K、Mg、Mn、P元素含量密切相关；混交模式会导致杉木不同器官间(+)−雪松醇、β−石竹烯、(−)−(7S)−germacrene D、α−芹子烯、(+)−β−芹子烯等主要物质的相对含量产生显著变化。因此，可通过改变杉木的混交模式提高精油提取率，定向提高精油中特定物质成分或降低有害物质的相对含量，满足对杉木精油产品的不同需求。

     

    Abstract: In this study, we selected the 15a mixed forests of Cunninghamia lanceolata−Phyllostachys heterocycla, the mixed forests of C. lanceolata−Phoebe bournei and the pure forests of C. lanceolata as research objectives, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC−MS) was employed to determine the essential oil components in different organs(leaves, branches, stems, roots) of C. lanceolata. The sulfuric acid-perchloric acid digestion was utilized to detect the mineral element content in various organs of C. lanceolata. The study analyzed the influence of mixed planting on the essential oil components and content in different organs of C. lanceolata. Furthermore, correlation analysis between the main volatile components in essential oils and mineral elements was conducted to explore the relationship between essential oil components and mineral elements under different plantings. The results showed that a total of 50 substances were detected in each organ of C. lanceolata, including 32 terpenes, 12 alcohols, 2 naphthalenes, 3 terpene esters and 1 other. Compared with C. lanceolata pure forests, the total essential oils of C. lanceolatain in C. lanceolata−P. heterocycla and C. lanceolata−P. bournei mixed forests significantly increased by 156% and 76% in the trunks, 77% and 99% in the roots, and the C. lanceolata−P. heterocycla mixed planting mode is the best. The relative content of the main components of the essential oil is closely related to the content of Al, Ca, K, Mg, Mn and P elements. The mixed planting modes resulted in significant changes in the relative contents of the main substances in different organs such as (+)−cedrol, β−caryophyllene, (−)−(7S)−germacrene D, α−selinene, (+)−β−selinene, etc. In summary, we can improve the extraction rate of essential oil by changing the mixed planting modes of C. lanceolata, targeting to increase the composition of specific substances in the essential oil or reduce the relative content of harmful substances, so as to meet the different demands for C. lanceolata essential oil products.

     

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