昆明市西山林场森林火环境研究

Research on Forest Fire Environment of Xishan Forest Farm, Kunming

  • 摘要: 基于2003—2022年昆明地区的月值气象数据和1991—2020年西山林场的火灾历史数据,结合林场地形条件、可燃物类型特征等相关资料,分析昆明市西山林场森林火环境特征。结果表明:2003—2022年昆明地区气候变化特征明显,平均温度、最高温度、降水量、平均相对湿度整体呈上升趋势,平均风速呈下降趋势,并呈现不同程度的波动变化特点;林场的海拔相对高差588 m,坡度多集中在6°~25°,森林火灾多发于阳坡面的缓坡、斜坡地域,集中发生于海拔2000~2300 m;林场主要针叶树种为云南松和华山松,属于易燃烧树种,林下可燃物较多且干燥易燃,加之周边风景名胜区众多,人员活动频繁,火源管控难度大,易发生森林火灾。研究结果可为当地林火管理提供参考。

     

    Abstract: Based on the monthly meteorological data of Kunming from 2003 to 2022 and the forest fire historical data of Xishan forest farm from 1991 to 2020, combined with the topographic conditions of the forest field, combustible characteristics and other related information. The forest fire environment in Xishan forest farm of Kunming City were analyzed. The results show that the climate change in Kunming is significant from 2003 to 2022. The average temperature, maximum temperature, precipitation and average relative humidity have an overall upward trend, and the average wind speed has a downward trend, with varying degrees of fluctuation; the relative elevation difference of the forest farm is 588 m, and forest fires mostly occur in the slope area of 6°–25° on sunny slopes, and mainly in the elevation range of 2000–2300 m. The main coniferous tree species in the forest farm are the Pinus yunnanensis and the P. armandii, which are easy-to-burn species with numerous dry and flammable combustible materials in the forest. In addition, there are many scenic spots around and frequent personnel activities, it is difficult to control the source of fire and prone to forest fire. The research results can provide a reference for local forest fire management.

     

/

返回文章
返回