红枫湖镇生态环境质量评价及修复优先区识别研究

Eco-environmental Quality Evaluation and Restoration Priority Area Identification in the Hongfeng Lake Town

  • 摘要: 以贵阳市红枫湖镇为例,耦合生境质量与遥感生态指数来量化研究区的生态环境质量及其时空演变规律,基于生境质量与遥感生态指数识别出生态修复优先区。结果表明: 2010—2020年,生境质量与遥感生态指数的高值与低值空间格局相似,但遥感生态指数在刻画相同地类的生态环境质量分异更为精细,而生境质量模型则在反映人类活动对生态环境质量的威胁上更具优势,表明2种方法具有优势互补的潜力。在空间上,高等级的生态环境质量主要分布在红枫湖沿岸以及红枫湖镇的西北部,而中等、较低等级的生态环境质量则覆盖区域较大,累计面积占比超过70%;在时间上,红枫湖镇的生态环境质量整体呈现出轻微下降的趋势。根据生态环境质量变化趋势,进一步识别出12个生态修复优先区,累计面积为2.85 km2,同时大部分修复区沿主要道路分布。本研究提出了一个新的生态环境质量评价指标,可作为生态系统定量监测的技术支撑,为生态修复与国土空间规划决策提供科学依据。

     

    Abstract: Taking the Hongfeng Lake Town of Guiyang City as the case study, we evaluated eco-environmental quality and its spatio-temporal changes of the study area by coupling habitat quality module and the remote sensing ecological index(RSEI). Based on the evaluation results, we further identified ecological restoration priority areas. The result shows that from 2010 to 2020, high and low values of habitat quality and the RSEI had the similar spatial pattern. However, the RSEI can reveal eco-environmental quality differences within one specific land use/cover type, while the habitat quality module performs well in considering threats of human activities to eco-environmental quality. Therefore, advantage complementary of the habitat quality module and RSEI is necessary. Spatially, eco-environmental quality of the high level was mainly located in the areas along Hongfeng Lake and the northwestern part of the study area. However, eco-environmental quality of medium and low levels covered a large area, accounting for above 70% of the total area of Hongfeng Lake Town; temporally, the average value of eco-environmental quality experienced a slight decrease. Based on the decrease trend of eco-environmental quality, we further identified 12 ecological restoration priority zones covering a total area of 2.85 km2, and most of these zones were located along the main roads. This study proposed a novel index for quantifying eco-environmental quality. This index can not only provide technical support for quantitative ecosystem monitoring, but can also offer a scientific basis for ecological restoration and spatial planning.

     

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