Abstract: The study compared and analyzed the changes in cell morphology, crystallization zone, and chemical composition along radial direction of different parts of the cross-section of bent bamboo. This was done using electron scanning microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy to explore the effect of bending on the bamboo's structure, and the results showed that cell morphology was characterized by cell roundness and length-to-diameter ratio, and it was found that the length-to-short diameter ratio increased, in order of convex>concave>control, the roundness of parenchymal cells decreased, and the decrease in bamboo green and bamboo yellow was greater than that of bamboo middle, the largest change was in the convex side bamboo green, the cell roundness decreased by 25% compared with the control corresponding position, and the largest change in the length to diameter ratio was the convex side bamboo yellow, and the cell roundness increased by 75% compared with the control corresponding position, while the roundness and length-to-diameter ratio of fiber cells changed little. After bending, the relative crystallinity reduced for all positions, and the relative crystallinity of the convex was higher than concave on corresponding positions. After bending, the hydroxyl absorption peak of round bamboo weakened, and the hydroxyl group reduced. After bending, the round bamboo underwent adaptive changes in morphology, chemical structure and functional groups, which contribute to the stability of the curved shape.