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昆明市土地利用冲突测度分析

Measurement and analysis of land use conflict in Kunming from the perspective of ecological-production-living spaces

  • 摘要: 以昆明市2010、2015、2020年3期遥感影像数据为研究对象,构建土地利用空间冲突测度模型和功能冲突测度体系,从生态、生产及生活空间分析昆明市土地利用冲突水平以及时空演变特征。结果表明:昆明市生态空间>生产空间>生活空间,其中生活空间的变化最为激烈,增长幅度高达464.32%;昆明市土地利用空间可控级别表现为基本可控>稳定可控>基本失控>严重失控,严重失控变化幅度最大,5年内增长了近3倍;土地利用功能冲突以单功能优势区为主,其中生活功能竞争力和生产功能竞争力不断提高,生态功能竞争力下降,冲突激烈区域占比逐渐增加;昆明市空间−功能双可控区域占比最大,单功能冲突区域多于单空间冲突区域,其中单功能冲突区增长幅度为17.06%,空间−功能双失控区域占比最少,总体上可控区域在减少,失控区域在增多,且失控区域具有明显的环滇池沿岸扩展的特征。建议昆明市在城市发展过程中注重耕地和林地保护,严控环滇池区域开发增量,合理优化国土空间布局。

     

    Abstract: The assessment of land use conflicts from the eco-production-living perspective can offer guidance for governance and a practical approach to achieving rational territorial space allocation. The spatial conflict measurement model and functional conflict measurement system of land use is established based on the remote sensing image data of Kunming in 2010, 2015, and 2020. The present study examines the level and spatiotemporal dynamics of land use conflicts in Kunming City from the eco-production-living perspective. The findings indicate that:(1) The distribution of living space in Kunming can be categorized as follows: ecological space > production space > living space, with the most significant variation observed in the living space category, exhibiting an impressive growth rate of 464.32%;(2) The spatial control level of land use in Kunming City exhibited a hierarchical pattern, ranging from controllable to stable controllable, and further transitioning to a state of basic out-of-control and ultimately severe out-of-control. Notably, the degree of severe out-of-control experienced the most significant increase, nearly tripling within a span of five years;(3) The conflict of land use function is predominantly driven by areas with a single-function advantage, wherein the competitiveness of life and production functions continues to be enhanced while the competitiveness of ecological function diminishes. Moreover, there is a gradual increase in the proportion of areas experiencing intense conflicts;(4) The proportion of spatial-functional dual-controlled areas in Kunming City was the highest, with single-function conflict areas exceeding single-space conflict areas. Among these, the growth rate of single-function conflict areas was 17.06%, while the proportion of spatial-functional dual-out-of-control areas was the lowest. Overall, controllable areas were decreasing while out-of-control areas were increasing, and there were evident expansion characteristics around the coast of Didian Lake. It is suggested that Kunming should pay attention to the protection of cultivated land and forest land in the process of urban development, strictly control the development increment of the area around Dianchi Lake, and rationally optimize the territorial space layout.

     

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