Abstract: Through field investigation and specimen collection, combined with relevant literature, a systematic study was carried out on the species composition, floristic characteristics and distribution pattern of protected plants in Wanzhou District, Chongqing. The results showed that there are 105 species of protected plants in Wanzhou District in 46 families and 80 genus(only 1 species of bryophyte, Leucobryum juniperoideum; 6 families, 8 genus and 12 species of lycophytes and ferns; 4 families, 11 genus and 14 species of gymnosperms, and 78 species, 35 families, 60 genus of angiosperms). Among them, there are 53 species of national key protected wild plants in China(6 species of first-class protected plants and 47 species of second-class protected plants); there are 32 species of municipal key protected wild plants in Chongqing, and 49 species of threatened plants. There are 9 floristic geographical components of genera to which protected plant species belong, dominated by temperate components(26 genus, percentage 36.62%), East Asian and Chinese endemic components(25 genus, percentage 35.21%), with some tropical components(20 genus, percentage 28.17%); there are 3 floristic geographical components of species, with the East Asian and Chinese endemic components(88 species, percentage 95.65%) taking the absolute advantage, and the endemic components with the Southwest-Central-Eastern China, Southwest-Central China distribution distributions, and other distributions(only in small areas such as East Sichuan, Chongqing, West Hubei, or North Guizhou) are the most abundant, reflecting the typical subtropical character of the protected plant flora in the region. The vertical distribution pattern of the protected plants in this area is in the form of a single-peaked, with the largest proportion of plants distributed in the low and middle mountains above 1000 m above sea level; however, the horizontal distribution is uneven, mainly in Longju Township, Lishu Township, Tiefeng Township, Dibao Township and other places where the distribution is more abundant.