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平茬对不同苗龄云南松苗木萌蘖能力的影响
Effect of stumping on the sprouting ability of Pinus yunnanensis with different seedling ages
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摘要: 为了分析不同苗龄云南松平茬后的萌蘖能力，对苗龄为6个月（M6）、10个月（M10）、14个月（M14）、18个月（M18）、30个月（M30）的云南松苗木进行平茬。平茬后，每隔30 d，定期测量萌条累计数量、净萌条数量和萌条长度，根据0～2、2～5、 > 5 cm的三类长度标准将萌条分为初始萌条、潜在萌条和有效萌条，使用SPSS25.0软件分析云南松的萌蘖能力。结果表明：不同苗龄的云南松苗木平茬后的萌条累计数量符合Logistic增长过程，且随着苗龄的增加而增加。M6、M10、M14和M18的速生点较为接近，即均出现在平茬60 d后，而M30的速生点则晚于其他处理，即在平茬后116 d。净萌条数量随着平茬后植株生长时间延长呈现先增加后降低趋于平缓的趋势；除M30在平茬后180 d净萌条数量最大外，其它不同苗龄的净萌条数量均在平茬后30 d最大。平茬处理240 d后，在M6和M30中，有效萌条数量在总萌条数中所占的百分比最大，分别为17.54%和26.46%；M6的母株存活率为80%，但M30的存活率仅有20.75%且培育时间较长。M10、M14和M18的有效萌条数量在平茬处理后虽然有增长但在平茬后480 d的数量远低于M6和M30；M6的萌条累计数量虽然低于M30，但M6的母株存活率远高于M30。综上所述，不同苗龄云南松平茬后的萌蘖能力不同，苗木培育6个月时进行平茬效果较为适宜，可以获得数量较多且质量较好的萌条。Abstract:To discuss the response of different seedling ages of Pinus yunnanensis to the sprouting ability after stumping, P. yunnanensis seedlings aged 6 months, 10 months, 14 months, 18 months, and 30 months were flattened to obtain 5 treatments in this study. The cumulative number of sprouts, net number of sprouts, and sprout length were measured, and the response of their sprouting ability was analyzed every month from 30 days after stumping.Results The results showed that the cumulative number of sprouts of P. yunnanensis seedlings with different seedling ages after stumping followed a logistic growth process, increasing with the increase of seedling age. The fast-growing point of M6, M10, M14 and M18 were close and appeared in 60 days after stumping, while the fast-growing point of M30 appeared in 116 days after stumping. The number of net sprouts showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with growth time, tending to be gentle. Except for M30, the number of net sprouts reached its maximum value 30 days after stumping, and M30 reached its maximum value 180 days after stumping. The number of effective sprouts in 240 days after stumping accounted for the largest proportion in M6 and M30, but the survival rate of M30 was only 20.75%, and the cultivation time was longer. The number of effective sprouts in M10, M14 and M18 increased but in much lower numbers than in M6 and M30 after stumping.Conclusion The experimental results indicate that different seedling ages of P. yunnanensis have different responses to the sprouting ability after stumping. The cumulative number of sprouts was lower in M6 than in M30, but the survival rate of female plants in M6 through M18 was 80%, which was much higher than that in M30. Therefore, stumping at 6 months of seedling cultivation has the better effect and can obtain high-quality sprouts.
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