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Himawari–9及FY–3D卫星野火监测的性能分析
Himawari–9 and FY–3D Satellite Wildfire Monitoring Performance Analysis
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摘要: 以贵州省为研究区,收集Himawari–9 AHI和FY–3D MERSI的遥感数据,采用最大似然法、神经网络法、支持向量机和随机森林等4种分类方法,实现了烟雾信息的提取,基于上下文关系的火点检测和识别,分析Himawari–9 AHI和FY–3D MERSI对野火早期监测的能力。结果表明:随机森林的烟雾错分误差比其他方法小,Kappa和Sørensen分别达到了0.79和0.76,2种影像数据烟雾分类结果一致性较好,烟雾掩膜图像较好与卫星影像烟雾区重叠,FY–3D MERSI的烟雾识别更为准确;基于上下文火点的FY–3D MERSI、Himawari–9 AHI野火火点检测精度分别达到了89.98%和79.80%,FY–3D MERSI野火识别率更优。综合FY–3D有较好空间分辨率、Himawari–9有更高时间分辨率,充分利用两种数据,可有效提高野火监测的时效性,对于火灾监测预警和扑救决策支持等具有一定参考。Abstract: The wildfire detection performance of Himawari–9 and FY–3D was analyzed to provide a reference for improving the effectiveness of satellite wildfire monitoring. Taking Guizhou Province as the study area, remote sensing data of Himawari–9 AHI and FY–3D MERSI were collected. Then, four classification methods Maximum likelihood, Neural Network, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest, were used to recognize the smoke information and identify fire points based on contextual relationships. The results show that the smoke misclassification error of Random Forest is smaller than other methods with the Kappa and Sørensen of 0.79 and 0.76, respectively. The smoke classification results based on two image data show better consistency.The smoke mask image is better overlapped with the satellite imagery while the FY–3D MERSI resulting higher accuracy. The wildfire fire point detection precision of FY–3D MERSI and Himawari–9 AHI based on the contextual fire-point detection reached 89.98% and 79.80%, respectively showing better wildfire detection of FY–3D MERSI. Given FY–3D has fine spatial resolution and Himawari–9 has higher temporal resolution, integrating two satellite data can effectively improve the timeliness of wildfire monitoring, which has certain reference value for the practical work of fire monitoring and early warning and suppression decision making support, etc.