Abstract: Basalt fibers were pretreated with NaOH, HCL and KH550 to improve their interfacial properties, and then laminated with wood veneer and hot-pressed into composites.. Taking the pretreatment reagent type, addition amount and treatment time as the influencing factors, orthogonal experimental methods were used to analyze the influence of each factor on its interfacial adhesive properties; the interfacial adhesive modification mechanism was verified by contact angle, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier infrared spectroscopy. The pretreated basalt fiber cloth was laminated with wood veneer, and its performance was evaluated by gluing strength, mechanical properties and flame retardant properties. The results showed that KH550 with a mass fraction of 3% had the best effect in treating the basalt fiber cloth for 1 h. Compared with the control material, the glued strength of the pressed composite boards coated with phenolic resin adhesive with 35% solid content reached 1.73 MPa, the static bending strength in the transverse and longitudinal directions were increased by 25.6% and 21.3%, and the modulus of elasticity was increased by 13.1% and 17.5%, respectively; Through the analysis of combustion phenomenon and weight loss rate, the upper and lower combustion area of wood-based basalt fiber composite panels is much smaller than that of the control material, and burning for the same time, its mass loss rate is 4.60% and 9.86%, respectively. the gluing properties, mechanical properties and flame retardant properties of wood-based basalt fiber composite materials are improved to a greater extent compared with ordinary plywood.