Abstract: Cypermethrin is one of the most highly used pyrethroid insecticides globally and is potentially a threat to soil organisms such as earthworms. In this study, the earthworm was selected as a test organism to design a test on the effect of cypermethrin low-dose exposure on the memory damage of earthworms, and to carry out a study on the effect of cypermethrin exposure on the memory damage of earthworms. The results indicated that cypermethrin exposure not only inhibited Na⁺-K ⁺ -ATPase and other enzyme activities characteristic of nerve ion channels in the earthworm brain, but also caused memory impairment in earthworms. The results of integrated biomarker response analysis (IBR) showed that the IBR values of the cypermethrin 2 and 6 mg/kg treatment groups were 2.4 and 9.5 at 28 d of exposure, while they were 4.4 and 11.4 at 56 d of exposure, respectively, the memory impairment of earthworms by cypermethrin was related to the exposure concentration and exposure time of cypermethrin, and the bigger the exposure concentration and the longer the exposure time, the more serious the degree of memory impairment of earthworms caused by cypermethrin.