Abstract: Based on land use data from Anqing City in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020, and 2023. this study calculated the land use transition matrix to reveal the conversion direction, area, and intensity of various landscape types from 2000 to 2023. A landscape gravity center transfer model was constructed to depict the spatial evolution trajectory and explore the driving mechanisms. Multiple landscape pattern indices were selected at both the patch type and landscape levels for quantitative analysis, aiming to elucidate the evolutionary characteristics of landscape fragmentation, complexity, and dispersion from a spatial configuration perspective. The results showed that from 2000 to 2023, the main landscape types in Anqing City were arbor forests and cultivated land. However. The area of cultivated land showed a slight downward trend, while the area of construction land increased by 307.12 km². The area of grassland, water bodies, and bare land showed a downward trend. The increase in construction land area and the decrease in cultivated land, water bodies, and bare land areas involved different degrees of land use conversion. At the patch type level, cultivated land had the largest area in 2000, followed by arbor forests. However, due to human interference, the dominance of arbor forests and cultivated land showed a downward trend, and the degree of fragmentation of various landscape types intensified. At the landscape level, the Shannon's diversity index and Shannon's evenness index increased annually, while the contagion index decreased continuously before a slight recovery. Anqing City exhibited a development pattern where landscapes such as cultivated land, arbor forests, and grassland became more fragmented and complex, while the construction land showed a clustered and contiguous distribution pattern.