Abstract: A study on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. russia was conducted by periodically measuring a serial of indexes with the same leaves from the same annual plot saplings bred by cuttage propagation between June and August in the agricultural development area in Karamy, Xinjiang. The results showed that the photosynthesis rate of the saplings dropped within the 1-3d after being transplanted, the photosynthesis index value began to increase and retyrn to the normal level on the 5th day. The study showed that the recovery stage of H. rhamnoides ssp. russia was about 5 days and the survival rate reached 95%. Contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline dropped at the first stage after being transplanted, then began to increase on the 6th day and recovered to the previous level by the 9th day. The recovery of soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline contents was postponed than the photosynthetic indices. Compared to traditional afforestation technology, transplanting the annual H. rhamnoides ssp. russia saplings bred by cuttage propagation could promote the survival rate and prolong the planting period by 50 to 70 days, it would be extended in large scale in the arid areas in the northwest part of China.