Abstract: The caloric value and carbon content rate of the trunk wood and bark of six arbor tree species grown in Kelamayi area, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were determined. The six tree species were Ulmus pumila, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Populus euphratica, Populus russkii, Populus bolleana, and Populus alba×Populus bolleana. The results showed that the caloric value of Ulmus pumilas trunk wood was 19.272kJ/g, which was the greatest of the six tree species. The carbon content rate of Elaeagnus angustifolia was the highest by 49.66%. There were no significant differences in caloric value of the trunk wood between Populus euphratica and Populus russkii, neither between Populus bolleana and Populus alba×Populus bolleana. Whereas there were significant differences in the caloric value of trunk wood among any other pairs of the species. There were significant differences in carbon content rate of the bark between Ulmus pumila with the rest five tree species. According to the comprehensive analyses of the biomass per hectare, the capacity of carbon sequestration and caloric value, the six arbor tree species were ranked in the order as Ulmus pumila, Populus alba×Populus bolleana, Populus bolleana, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Populus euphratica and Populus russkii regarding the capacity of carbon sequestration and bioenergy producing efficiency in Karamayi area.