Abstract: The diversity of the phenotypic traits of the 32 provenances of Melia azedarach seeds in Fujian Province was studied. The results showed that the phenotypic diversity was abundant and there were significant differences in the phenotypic traits of M. azedarach seeds among the 32 provenances, including the length, width and average single weight of the seeds. The order of the mean variation coefficient of the phenotypic traits of M. azedarach seeds from different provenances was as: width > length > average single weight. The Xianyou provenance had the largest variation coefficient (11.70%), whereas the Putian provenance had the minimum variation coefficient (3.41%). The results showed that there were no significant correlations among the phenotypic traits of M. azedarach seeds and 11 meteorological factors. It was showed that the length and width of seeds were the main characters of the phenotypic traits of M. azedarach seeds, the accumulative contribution rate of the two indexes was up to 98.14%. The 32 M. azedarach provenances were clustered into four groups, the Xianyou provenance belong to the first group with the largest variation coefficient. The Dehua, Pingnan, Putian, Songxi provenances were classified into the second group with smaller variation coefficient, but relatively bigger average single weight.