Abstract: Taking Xiaojiang River watershed as study area where mudrock flow happens frequently, it was divided into the source area, circulation area and stacked area according to the microgeomorphic features of the watershed. In order to understand comprehensively the heterogeneity characteristics of soil nutrients in different areas, the physical structure and nutrient properties of the soil were analyzed by integrating with land use types. The results indicated that there were little differences in the composition of soil particles among different partitions, the soil texture was mainly composed of coarse and grave particles, showing prominent desertification. The physical structure of the soil in the circulation area was comparatively better. The soil water content in Xiaojiang River watershed was generally affected by seasonal climate, whereas the soil water content in different partitions was influenced by vertical zonal factors, which was ordered as circulation area > source area > stacked area. The soil nutrition status in Xiaojiang River watershed was generally good with complex heterogeneity, which was integratively influenced by human activities, soil types and soil particle composition.