Abstract: The contents of soluble sugar, starch, monosaccharide, oligosaccharides inside the branches, and the dry weight of leaves and roots of saplings of 9 different Populus balsamifer provenances were determined and measured at a nursery in Vancouver, Canada. The results showed that there were significant differences in soluble sugar content among 9 different provenances. There were positive correlations among the rooting capacity, dry weight of the leaves and the starch content in the branches, while these indices were not significantly correlated with the geographical conditions (longitude, latitude, elevation). The experiment showed that the rooting capacity of the 9 different P. balsamifer provenances was positively correlated with the starch content of branches.