盐胁迫对5种草本植物生理生长特性的影响及耐盐性评价

Assessment of Salt Stress Effects on Physiological and Growth Traits of 5 Herbaceous Plants and Their Salt Tolerance

  • 摘要: 以天门冬、蟛蜞菊、海马齿、厚藤和天人菊5种草本植物为研究对象,采用根系与叶片2种盐胁迫方式研究5种供试植物生长和生理特性变化,运用主成分分析和隶属函数分析方法综合评价其耐盐能力。结果表明:5种植物生长均受到盐胁迫不同程度的抑制。在根系盐胁迫中,0.1%(G1)盐浓度处理海马齿RWC高于CK,0.2%(G2)和0.3%(G3)盐浓度处理蟛蜞菊RWC除第28天外均高于CK,各处理天人菊POD活性高于CK,蟛蜞菊、海马齿和天人菊CAT活性高于CK;叶片盐胁迫中,0.2%(Y1)盐浓度处理海马齿RWC高于CK,蟛蜞菊和厚藤POD活性高于CK,0.3%(Y2)盐浓度处理天人菊RWC在处理第14、28天显著高于CK,蟛蜞菊POD活性高于CK,各处理蟛蜞菊、海马齿和厚藤CAT活性均高于CK。2种盐胁迫方式下,各处理,5种供试植物SPAD值在盐处理14 d后显著低于CK,MDA含量在整个盐胁迫阶段均高于CK。综合评价5种供试植物耐盐性,根系盐胁迫下5种供试植物耐盐能力强弱排序为海马齿 > 天门冬=天人菊 > 蟛蜞菊 > 厚藤,叶片盐胁迫下5种供试植物耐盐能力强弱排序为蟛蜞菊 > 海马齿 > 天门冬 > 天人菊 > 厚藤。因此,5种供试植物中海马齿、天门冬、蟛蜞菊在受到根系盐胁迫后耐盐性较强,在受叶片盐胁迫后仅有海马齿和蟛蜞菊的耐盐性较强,其中海马齿在受到根系和叶片盐胁迫后耐盐性均较强。

     

    Abstract: Five species of herbs, including Asparagus cochinchinensis, Wedelia chinensis, Sesuvium portulacastrum, Ipomoea pescaprae, Gaillardia pulchella were studied. The growth and physiological characteristics of 5 tested plants were studied by means of 2 salt stress methods of roots and leaves, and their salt tolerance was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis and membership function analysis. The results showed that the growth of 5 plants was inhibited by salt stress to different degrees. Under root salt stress, the RWC of S. portulacastrum in 0.1%(G1) salt concentration group was significantly higher than that of CK, the RWC of W. chinensis in 0.2%(G2) and 0.3%(G3) salt concentration groups was significantly higher than that of CK except day 28. The POD activity of G. pulchella was higher than CK in all treatment groups. The CAT activity of W. chinensis, S. portulacastrum and G. pulchella was higher than CK. Under leaf salt stress, the RWC of S. portulacastrum in 0.2%(Y1) salt treatment group was higher than CK, POD activities of W. chinensi and I. pescapra were higher than CK, and the RWC of G. pulchella in 0.3%(Y2) salt treatment group was significantly higher than CK at the 14th and 28th days, POD activities of W. chinensis were higher than CK. The CAT activities of W. chinensis, S. portulacastrum and I. pescapra were higher than those of CK in all treatment groups. Under the 2 salt stress modes, SPAD value of 5 tested plants in each treatment group was significantly lower than CK after 14 days of salt treatment, and MDA content was higher than CK during the whole salt stress stage. The salt tolerance of 5 tested plants was evaluated comprehensively. The salt tolerance of the 5 tested plants under root salt stress was ranked as S. portulacastru > A. cochinchinensis = G. pulchella > W. chinensis > I. pescaprae. The order of salt tolerance of 5 plants under salt stress was W. chinensi > S. portulacastrum > A. cochinchinensis > G. pulchella > I. pescapra. The comprehensive analysis showed that S. portulacastru, A. cochinchinensis and W. chinensi showed stronger salt tolerance after root salt stress, while only S. portulacastru and W. chinensi showed stronger salt tolerance after leaf salt stress, and S. portulacastrum showed stronger salt tolerance after root and leaf salt stress.

     

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